One of the fastest ways to increase your vocabulary is by learning word parts, i.e., roots, prefixes, suffixes or forms.
arch - leader or government. By itself this word means a typically curved structural member and when arch is found in longer words it usually means a ruler or leader or the most fully embodying the qualities of the kind. Arch can also mean ancient or very old.
Some examples are:
archetype - the original model or perfect example of something; archenemy - the worst or main enemy; archbishop - bishop of the highest rank; archdiocese - important group of bishops; monarch - one ruler who rules country or state as in a king or queen; monarchy - government by one person; anarchy - no formal government at all or nobody in charge of enforcing the rules; anarchist - one who believes there should be no government or rules; oligarchy - when a small group controls a state or country; archangel - chief angel.
So what's archeology, archaic, or archery?